{
  "name": "VPN Advisor Transparency Index",
  "edition": "2026-09-21",
  "description": "A documentation coverage dataset for VPN provider records. It is not a safety certification, performance ranking or endorsement.",
  "methodologyUrl": "https://vpnadvisor.net/methodology",
  "pageUrl": "https://vpnadvisor.net/research/transparency-index",
  "dataUrl": "https://vpnadvisor.net/research/transparency-index/data.json",
  "dimensions": [
    {
      "key": "detailedProfile",
      "label": "Detailed profile",
      "description": "A dedicated provider profile is available in the VPN Advisor catalog."
    },
    {
      "key": "datedPricing",
      "label": "Dated pricing check",
      "description": "The displayed pricing link has a recorded provider-page check date."
    },
    {
      "key": "auditSource",
      "label": "Dedicated audit source",
      "description": "A relevant provider audit or transparency record has its own source link."
    },
    {
      "key": "structuredFields",
      "label": "Structured profile fields",
      "description": "Jurisdiction, network and device fields are recorded in the evidence ledger."
    }
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "slug": "cyberghost",
      "brand": "CyberGhost",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 3,
      "coverageLabel": "3 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "source-linked"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Romania",
      "servers": "8,000+ servers · 100 countries",
      "devices": "7 devices"
    },
    {
      "slug": "expressvpn",
      "brand": "ExpressVPN",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 4,
      "coverageLabel": "4 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": true,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "source-linked",
        "profileFields": "source-linked"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "British Virgin Islands",
      "servers": "113 countries · 214 server locations",
      "devices": "10 devices on the Basic plan"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ipvanish",
      "brand": "IPVanish",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 3,
      "coverageLabel": "3 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "provider-reported",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "servers": "2,400+ servers · 75+ countries",
      "devices": "Unlimited"
    },
    {
      "slug": "mullvad",
      "brand": "Mullvad",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 4,
      "coverageLabel": "4 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": true,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "source-linked",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Sweden",
      "servers": "700+ servers · 49 countries",
      "devices": "5 devices"
    },
    {
      "slug": "nordvpn",
      "brand": "NordVPN",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 3,
      "coverageLabel": "3 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": true,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "source-linked",
        "profileFields": "source-linked"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Panama",
      "servers": "7,800+ servers · 225 locations",
      "devices": "10 devices"
    },
    {
      "slug": "pia",
      "brand": "Private Internet Access",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 3,
      "coverageLabel": "3 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "provider-reported",
        "profileFields": "source-linked"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "United States",
      "servers": "91 countries · 10-Gbps network",
      "devices": "Unlimited"
    },
    {
      "slug": "proton-vpn",
      "brand": "Proton VPN",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 4,
      "coverageLabel": "4 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": true,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "source-linked",
        "profileFields": "source-linked"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Switzerland",
      "servers": "20,000+ servers · 140+ countries",
      "devices": "10 devices"
    },
    {
      "slug": "surfshark",
      "brand": "Surfshark",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 4,
      "coverageLabel": "4 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": true,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "source-linked",
        "profileFields": "source-linked"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Netherlands",
      "servers": "4,500+ servers · 100+ countries",
      "devices": "Unlimited"
    },
    {
      "slug": "tunnelbear",
      "brand": "TunnelBear",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 3,
      "coverageLabel": "3 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "provider-reported",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Canada (McAfee, US-affiliated)",
      "servers": "5,000+ servers · 50+ countries (official figure)",
      "devices": "Unlimited"
    },
    {
      "slug": "windscribe",
      "brand": "Windscribe",
      "recordType": "Detailed profile",
      "coverageCount": 3,
      "coverageLabel": "3 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": true,
        "datedPricing": true,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "source-checked",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Canada",
      "servers": "480+ servers · 69 countries",
      "devices": "Unlimited"
    },
    {
      "slug": "mozilla-vpn",
      "brand": "Mozilla VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 1,
      "coverageLabel": "1 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "30+ countries",
      "devices": "5 devices"
    },
    {
      "slug": "adguard-vpn",
      "brand": "AdGuard VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "torguard",
      "brand": "TorGuard",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 1,
      "coverageLabel": "1 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "3,000+ servers · 50+ countries",
      "devices": "8+ connections"
    },
    {
      "slug": "airvpn",
      "brand": "AirVPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "privatevpn",
      "brand": "PrivateVPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "astrill-vpn",
      "brand": "Astrill VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 1,
      "coverageLabel": "1 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "56 countries · 142 cities",
      "devices": "5 simultaneous connections"
    },
    {
      "slug": "hma-vpn",
      "brand": "HMA VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "turbo-vpn",
      "brand": "Turbo VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "bitdefender-vpn",
      "brand": "Bitdefender Premium VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "avast-secureline",
      "brand": "Avast SecureLine VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "avg-secure-vpn",
      "brand": "AVG Secure VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "malwarebytes-privacy",
      "brand": "Malwarebytes Privacy VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "f-secure-vpn",
      "brand": "F-Secure VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "avira-phantom-vpn",
      "brand": "Avira Phantom VPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "kaspersky-vpn",
      "brand": "Kaspersky VPN Secure Connection",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "nymvpn",
      "brand": "NymVPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "trust-zone",
      "brand": "Trust.Zone",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 1,
      "coverageLabel": "1 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "3–5 connections depending on plan"
    },
    {
      "slug": "vpn-unlimited",
      "brand": "VPN Unlimited",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    },
    {
      "slug": "fastestvpn",
      "brand": "FastestVPN",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 1,
      "coverageLabel": "1 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": true
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "provider-reported"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "up to 15 devices"
    },
    {
      "slug": "perfect-privacy",
      "brand": "Perfect Privacy",
      "recordType": "Market reference",
      "coverageCount": 0,
      "coverageLabel": "0 of 4 documentation dimensions recorded",
      "dimensions": {
        "detailedProfile": false,
        "datedPricing": false,
        "auditSource": false,
        "structuredFields": false
      },
      "evidenceStates": {
        "pricing": "needs-refresh",
        "audit": "needs-source",
        "profileFields": "needs-source"
      },
      "jurisdiction": "Not recorded",
      "servers": "Not recorded",
      "devices": "Not recorded"
    }
  ]
}